Gemstone names in Urdu and English often confuse buyers: the stone a jeweller in Pakistan calls Yaqoot is ruby, Neelam is blue sapphire, Pukhraj is yellow sapphire and Zamurd is emerald. This list gives the English and Urdu name of every stone we sell, what mineral it actually is, how hard it is (Mohs scale), and the planet and zodiac signs it is traditionally linked with — so you can search, compare and ask questions in either language.
Gemstone names in Urdu and English (table)
| English name | Urdu name | Mineral | Hardness (Mohs) | Planet | Zodiac / birthstone |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ruby | Yaqoot | corundum (aluminium oxide) | 9 | Sun | Leo (July birthstone) |
| Blue Sapphire | Neelam | corundum (aluminium oxide) | 9 | Saturn (Shani) | Capricorn, Aquarius and Libra (September birthstone) |
| Yellow Sapphire | Pukhraj | corundum (aluminium oxide) | 9 | Jupiter (Brihaspati) | Sagittarius and Pisces |
| Emerald | Zamurd | beryl (beryllium aluminium silicate) | 7.5–8 | Mercury (Budh) | Taurus, Gemini and Virgo (May birthstone) |
| Feroza | Turquoise | hydrated copper aluminium phosphate | 5–6 | Jupiter in some traditions | Sagittarius (December birthstone) |
| Aqeeq | Agate | chalcedony (microcrystalline quartz) | 6.5–7 | Traditionally worn for protection and blessing | Gemini and Aries |
| Coral | Marjan | calcium carbonate (organic gem from coral skeleton) | 3–4 | Mars (Mangal) | Aries and Scorpio |
| Pearl | Moti | nacre (calcium carbonate and conchiolin), an organic gem | 2.5–4.5 | Moon (Chandra) | Cancer (June birthstone) |
| Moonstone | Sang-e-Mah / Chandrakant | orthoclase feldspar | 6–6.5 | Moon | Cancer (June birthstone) |
| Opal | Dur-e-Kohsar | hydrated silica | 5.5–6.5 | Venus (Shukra) | Libra (October birthstone) |
| Topaz | Pukhraj (yellow) / Neelam-e-Kohsar | aluminium fluorosilicate | 8 | Jupiter for yellow topaz | Sagittarius and Scorpio (November birthstone) |
| Peridot | Zabarjad | olivine (magnesium iron silicate) | 6.5–7 | Mercury | Leo and Virgo (August birthstone) |
| Amethyst | Jamunia | quartz (silicon dioxide) | 7 | Saturn | Aquarius and Pisces (February birthstone) |
| Cat's Eye | Lehsunia | chrysoberyl (beryllium aluminium oxide) | 8.5 | Ketu | worn on an astrologer's advice rather than by sign |
| Tiger Eye | Sang-e-Cheeta | quartz with fibrous crocidolite | 6.5–7 | Sun and Mars in popular tradition | Leo and Capricorn |
| Hematite | Sang-e-Hadeed | iron oxide | 5.5–6.5 | Mars | Aries and Scorpio |
| Lapis Lazuli | Lajward | a rock of lazurite, calcite and pyrite | 5–5.5 | Jupiter and Saturn in different traditions | Sagittarius and Libra |
| Jade | Yashab | jadeite or nephrite | 6–7 | Associated with Mercury and Venus | Taurus, Libra and Virgo |
| Hessonite | Gomed | grossular garnet | 7–7.5 | Rahu | worn on an astrologer's advice rather than by sign |
| Bloodstone | Hajar-ud-Dam | chalcedony with red jasper spots | 6.5–7 | Mars | Aries (March birthstone) |
| Citrine | Sunela | quartz (silicon dioxide) | 7 | Jupiter | Sagittarius, Leo and Gemini (November birthstone) |
| Quartz | Billaur | silicon dioxide | 7 | Venus and Moon in popular tradition | all signs — it is considered a universal stone |
| Rose Quartz | Billaur | silicon dioxide | 7 | Venus | Taurus and Libra |
| Labradorite | Labradorite | plagioclase feldspar | 6–6.5 | Moon and Uranus in popular tradition | Scorpio, Sagittarius and Leo |
| Dur-e-Najaf | Dur-e-Najaf | clear quartz (rock crystal) | 7 | Worn for its religious and protective significance in Islamic tradition rather than for a planet | all signs |
| Aquamarine | Beruj | beryl (beryllium aluminium silicate) | 7.5–8 | Saturn in some traditions | Pisces and Scorpio (March birthstone) |
Hardness matters for everyday wear: stones of 7 and above (sapphire, ruby, topaz, quartz family) survive rings; softer stones such as coral, pearl, opal and turquoise are better in pendants or worn with care.
The five names every buyer should know
- Yaqoot = Ruby. Red corundum. The Urdu word is also used loosely for any red stone, so ask for "original yaqoot" and check the hardness (9) — see how to identify original ruby.
- Neelam = Blue Sapphire. Blue corundum, hardness 9, linked with Saturn (Zohal). Read blue sapphire benefits before wearing it for astrology.
- Pukhraj = Yellow Sapphire. Yellow corundum, linked with Jupiter (Mushtari). Note that yellow topaz is sometimes sold as "pukhraj" — the yellow sapphire vs citrine guide shows how to tell them apart.
- Zamurd = Emerald. Green beryl, hardness 7.5–8, linked with Mercury (Utarid). Swat in Pakistan produces some of the world's finest.
- Feroza = Turquoise. A soft (5–6) blue-green stone; Irani and Nishapuri feroza are the most prized. See real vs fake feroza.
Urdu names that are not a single stone
Some Urdu names describe a colour or a family rather than one mineral. Aqeeq covers all agates and chalcedony (red Yemeni aqeeq, white, black, green and Sulemani banded aqeeq). Marjan is coral in any colour. Moti is pearl, whether freshwater or saltwater. Pathar simply means stone, so "neelam pathar" and "neelam stone" are the same search.
How to use these names when you buy
- Search by either name — our product pages carry both, so Blue Sapphire (Neelam) and "neelam stone" lead to the same collection.
- Ask for the mineral, not just the name: "Is this corundum?" is a better question than "Is this original neelam?".
- Check the weight in carats. Traditional ratti weights vary between jewellers; our ratti to carat conversion explains the difference.
- Ask for a lab certificate for any stone you are buying for astrology or as an investment.
Common questions
What is Yaqoot called in English?
Yaqoot is ruby — red corundum with a hardness of 9. Pink or purplish red stones are still ruby; a bright orange-red stone sold as yaqoot is often garnet or spinel.
What is Neelam stone in English?
Neelam is blue sapphire, the blue variety of corundum. Yellow neelam is an informal name for yellow sapphire (pukhraj).
Is Pukhraj the same as topaz?
No. Pukhraj is yellow sapphire (corundum, hardness 9). Yellow topaz is a different, softer mineral (hardness 8) and is much cheaper; some sellers label it pukhraj, so check the mineral on the certificate.
What is Zamurd in English?
Zamurd is emerald, the green variety of beryl. Panjshir (Afghanistan) and Swat (Pakistan) are the best-known nearby sources.
What does Aqeeq mean in English?
Aqeeq is agate, a banded form of chalcedony (quartz). Red Yemeni aqeeq is the most sought-after in Pakistan; Sulemani aqeeq is the black-and-white banded variety.
Quick checklist before you buy any gemstone
- Ask for the exact carat weight, origin and treatment — vague listings are the first warning sign.
- Compare the price with our gemstone price guide; a price far below the market usually means glass, synthetic or heavily treated material.
- Insist on lab verification. Every stone at GemStore.pk is natural and lab-verifiable.
- Use cash on delivery so you inspect the stone before paying, and keep the 7-day return window in mind.
Gemstone Names in Urdu: key takeaways
- The short answer on gemstone names in urdu: look at colour, clarity, weight and treatment together — no single test is enough.
- Buy only stones sold with their exact carat weight, origin and treatment stated, and insist on lab verification.
- Pay on delivery, inspect the stone in daylight, and use the 7-day return window if anything does not match the listing.
Frequently asked questions
Can I check gemstone names in urdu at home?
Partly. The visual and hardness checks in this guide catch most fakes, but only a gemmological lab can confirm a natural, untreated stone. Buy from a seller who welcomes testing.
Where can I buy original gemstones in Pakistan?
GemStore.pk sells 100% original, lab-verifiable gemstones with nationwide cash on delivery and a 7-day return policy.
Should I consult an astrologer before wearing a stone?
Yes, if you are wearing it for astrological reasons. Our gemstones by zodiac sign guide gives the traditional pairings as a starting point.
How long does delivery take?
Major cities (Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad, Multan, Peshawar) usually receive parcels in 1–3 working days; other towns in 3–5. You pay the courier on delivery after checking the box, and every parcel is tracked on WhatsApp.
How GemStore.pk can help
Not sure what you are looking at? Send a daylight photo of the stone — or of a listing you found elsewhere — on WhatsApp and we will tell you honestly what it looks like and what a fair price would be. If you decide to buy from us, every piece is sold with its exact carat weight, is lab-verifiable, and can be inspected before you pay. If not, you still leave with a straight answer.
Related guides
- How to Identify Original Ruby (Yaqoot): 5 Simple Checks
- Yellow Sapphire Benefits (Pukhraj) & Who Should Wear It
- Real vs Fake Feroza (Turquoise): How to Tell
- Gemstone Buying Guide Pakistan: Prices, Certification & Tips
Explore more about Gemstone Names in Urdu: check the gemstone price guide for Pakistan, find your stone by zodiac sign.
